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6.NAACP
Founder of the NAACP and Booker T. Washington's most reknown opposing critic
Though Washington was considered by many other blacks to be "too accomodating to whites"(Booker), this same view of him is exactly what helped to launch the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Washington never took a direct stand in the establishment of the NAACP but many of the reasons the organization was founded were because of "oppos[ing]"(Booker) views of Washington's famous speech the "Atlanta Compromise"(Reeser). In this speech Washington suggested that the Negro man be "humble"(Washington) in his search for advancement and progress in a predominantly white America and focus more on "learning industrial skills"(Reeser). He stressed the fact that "progress...must be the result of...struggle rather than of artificial forcing"(Washington).
Many of Washington's critics, one of the foremost being W.E.B.DuBois, disagreed with Washington's argument that "it was the role of blacks to serve whites"(Reeser) and were more "confrontational"(Reeser) in their approaches to African American progress. To offset Washington's "self-help"(Washington) program, DuBois and a group of collectivists founded the Niagra Movement in 1905. Out of that movement emerged the National Association for the Advancement of Colored Peoples in 1909, whose motives Washington found "suspicious"(Reeser). One could say that if Washington had never contributed his ideas to black America there would have never been critics of his views to establish the NAACP nor a basis for their ideas.
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